Richard III Act 3, Scene 4: Retold in Modern English Verse
"Off with his head!"
The council meets in the Tower to fix the coronation. Richard arrives late and in good spirits, sends the Bishop of Ely for strawberries, and takes Buckingham aside; Hastings assures Stanley that no man hides his feelings less than Richard. Richard returns transformed, accuses the Queen and Mistress Shore of withering his arm by witchcraft, and when Hastings begins to answer with an if, condemns him on the spot. Hastings, left with Lovel and Ratcliffe, recognises Stanley’s dream and Margaret’s curse too late.
Characters appearing: Hastings | Duke of Buckingham | Stanley | Bishop of Ely | Norfolk | Ratcliffe | Lovel | Richard, Duke of Gloucester
Key themes: Appearance vs Reality | Power and Ambition | Prophecy and Curses
THE TOWER OF LONDON.
[ENTER BUCKINGHAM, STANLEY, EARL OF DERBY, HASTINGS, BISHOP OF ELY, NORFOLK, RATCLIFFE, LOVEL, WITH OTHERS, AT A TABLE.]
LORD HASTINGS
Now, noble peers, the cause why we are met
Now, noblemen, the reason why we’re here
Is to determine of the coronation.
Is to agree the Prince’s coronation.
In God’s name speak, when is the royal day?
For God’s sake, tell me when this day will be!
DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
Is all things ready for the royal time?
Are all the royal preparations done?
LORD STANLEY
It is, and wants but nomination.
They are, and now we only need a date.
JOHN MORTON, BISHOP OF ELY
Tomorrow then I judge a happy day.
Well, then I think tomorrow will work well.
DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
Who knows the Lord Protector’s mind herein?
But what does Richard, Lord Protector, think?
Who is most inward with the noble Duke?
Who’s closest to the noble Duke to ask him?
JOHN MORTON, BISHOP OF ELY
Your Grace, we think, should soonest know his mind.
Your Grace, we think it’s you who knows him best.
DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
We know each other’s faces; for our hearts,
We recognise each other, but inside
He knows no more of mine than I of yours,
He knows no more of me than me of you,
Or I of his, my lord, than you of mine.
Or me of him, or you of me, my lord.
Lord Hastings, you and he are near in love.
Lord Hastings, you and he are closest friends.
LORD HASTINGS
I thank his Grace, I know he loves me well;
I’m grateful to his Grace, I know he loves me;
But for his purpose in the coronation,
But what he thinks about the coronation,
I have not sounded him, nor he delivered
I haven’t asked him, and he hasn’t said
His gracious pleasure any way therein.
What his desires might be in any way.
But you, my honourable lords, may name the time,
But you can pick the time and day, my lords,
And in the Duke’s behalf I’ll give my voice,
And I’ll support that on the Duke’s behalf,
Which I presume he’ll take in gentle part.
Which I am sure he will not mind me doing.
[ENTER GLOUCESTER.]
JOHN MORTON, BISHOP OF ELY
In happy time, here comes the Duke himself.
Well, just in time, here comes the Duke himself.
RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER
My noble lords and cousins all, good morrow.
Good morning, fellow nobles, lords and cousins.
I have been long a sleeper; but I trust
I slept in late this morning, but I trust
My absence doth neglect no great design,
My absence didn’t hold up big decisions
Which by my presence might have been concluded.
That could have been concluded were I here.
DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
Had you not come upon your cue, my lord,
Had you not just arrived on time, my lord,
William Lord Hastings had pronounced your part,
Lord Hastings would have taken up your role –
I mean your voice for crowning of the King.
I mean he’d speak for you – about the crowning.
RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER
Than my Lord Hastings no man might be bolder,
There’s no man bolder than Lord Hastings here,
His lordship knows me well and loves me well.
And he does know me well and love me well.
My Lord of Ely, when I was last in Holborn,
Lord Ely, last time in your home in Holborn
I saw good strawberries in your garden there.
I saw delicious strawberries in your garden.
I do beseech you send for some of them.
I kindly ask you get me some of them.
JOHN MORTON, BISHOP OF ELY
Marry, and will, my lord, with all my heart.
Of course, my lord, I will with all my heart.
[EXIT BISHOP.]
RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER
Cousin of Buckingham, a word with you.
Lord Buckingham, I need a private word.
[Drawing him aside.]
Catesby hath sounded Hastings in our business,
Catesby asked Hastings how he viewed our plan
And finds the testy gentleman so hot
And found the touchy gentleman committed
That he will lose his head ere give consent
So much he’d die before he gave agreement
His master’s child, as worshipfully he terms it,
For his old master’s child – as he esteems him –
Shall lose the royalty of England’s throne.
To lose the royal lineage of England.
DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM
Withdraw yourself a while, I’ll go with you.
Get out of here a while; I’ll come as well.
[EXEUNT GLOUCESTER AND BUCKINGHAM.]
LORD STANLEY
We have not yet set down this day of triumph.
We’ve not yet set the coronation’s date.
Tomorrow, in my judgement, is too sudden,
Tomorrow is too soon, in my opinion,
For I myself am not so well provided
For I myself am not as well prepared
As else I would be, were the day prolonged.
As I would be if we would hold it later.
[ENTER THE BISHOP OF ELY.]
JOHN MORTON, BISHOP OF ELY
Where is my lord the Duke of Gloucester?
Where is my lord, the Duke of Gloucester?
I have sent for these strawberries.
I have sent for these strawberries.
LORD HASTINGS
His Grace looks cheerfully and smooth this morning;
His Grace was looking cheerful this morning;
There’s some conceit or other likes him well,
He has some plans or projects that he’s pleased with
When that he bids good morrow with such spirit.
When he declares ‘good morning’ with such passion.
I think there’s never a man in Christendom
I don’t think there is any man alive
Can lesser hide his love or hate than he,
Who shows his feelings any more than him,
For by his face straight shall you know his heart.
For you can know his heart by looking at him.
LORD STANLEY
What of his heart perceive you in his face
What did his heart reveal through his face
By any livelihood he showed today?
About his mood that you observed today?
LORD HASTINGS
Marry, that with no man here he is offended;
Well, that nobody here’s offended him,
For were he, he had shown it in his looks.
For if they had, he’d show it in his face.
LORD STANLEY
I pray God he be not, I say.
I pray to God they haven’t.
[ENTER RICHARD OF GLOUCESTER AND BUCKINGHAM]
RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER
I pray you all, tell me what they deserve
I ask you, what should be the punishment
That do conspire my death with devilish plots
For those that plot my death with heinous plans
Of damned witchcraft, and that have prevailed
Of evil witchcraft, and they have already
Upon my body with their hellish charms?
Cast monstrous spells upon my twisted body?
LORD HASTINGS
The tender love I bear your Grace, my lord,
The tender love I have for you, my lord,
Makes me most forward in this princely presence
Makes me declare, in front of all these nobles,
To doom th’ offenders, whosoe’er they be:
That they shall be condemned, whoever they are,
I say, my lord, they have deserved death.
And that, my lord, they do deserve to die.
RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER
Then be your eyes the witness of their evil.
Then look at me to witness all their evil.
Look how I am bewitched; behold, mine arm
See how I’m cursed, and how this arm of mine
Is like a blasted sapling, withered up;
Is withered like a blighted, sickly sapling
And this is Edward’s wife, that monstrous witch,
And this was caused by Edward’s wife, the witch,
Consorted with that harlot, strumpet Shore,
Who partnered with that hooker Mistress Shore.
That by their witchcraft thus have marked me.
And thus I’m twisted by the spells they cast.
LORD HASTINGS
If they have done this deed, my noble lord –
If they have done this deed to you, my lord…
RICHARD, DUKE OF GLOUCESTER
If? Thou protector of this damned strumpet,
If? Are you standing up for that damned whore,
Talk’st thou to me of “ifs”? Thou art a traitor.
By saying ‘if’ to me? You are a traitor.
Off with his head! Now by Saint Paul I swear
Off with his head! And I swear by Saint Paul
I will not dine until I see the same.
I will not eat until I’ve seen his head.
Lovel and Ratcliffe, look that it be done:
Lovel and Ratcliffe, go and get it done:
The rest that love me, rise, and follow me.
The rest of you that love me, come with me.
[EXEUNT. MANENT LOVEL AND RATCLIFFE WITH THE LORD HASTINGS.]
LORD HASTINGS
Woe, woe for England, not a whit for me!
I’m sad for England, but not sad for me!
For I, too fond, might have prevented this.
For I was foolish, and I could have stopped this.
Stanley did dream the boar did rase our helms,
Stanley had dreamt the boar cut off our heads
And I did scorn it and disdain to fly.
But yet I laughed and didn’t run away.
Three times today my foot-cloth horse did stumble,
Three times today my riding horse slipped up,
And started when he looked upon the Tower,
And it seemed startled when it saw the Tower,
As loath to bear me to the slaughter-house.
As though averse to take me to my death.
O now I need the priest that spake to me!
I need the priest I spoke to earlier!
I now repent I told the pursuivant,
I now regret I told the officer –
As too triumphing, how mine enemies
All cocky – how those enemies of mine
Today at Pomfret bloodily were butchered,
Were sliced to death today at Pomfret Castle,
And I myself secure, in grace and favour.
Whilst I believed that I was highly thought of.
O Margaret, Margaret, now thy heavy curse
Oh Margaret, Margaret, now your evil curse
Is lighted on poor Hastings’ wretched head!
Has landed on my godforsaken head!
SIR RICHARD RATCLIFFE
Come, come, dispatch, the Duke would be at dinner,
Get on with it, the Duke soon wants his dinner,
Make a short shrift, he longs to see your head.
So hurry up; he wants to see your head.
LORD HASTINGS
O momentary grace of mortal men,
Why do we seek the blessing of mere mortals,
Which we more hunt for than the grace of God!
When we should really seek the grace of God!
Who builds his hope in air of your good looks
Those men whose hopes are built on others’ views
Lives like a drunken sailor on a mast,
Live like a drunken sailor on a mast
Ready with every nod to tumble down
Who, with each rock from waves, risks falling in
Into the fatal bowels of the deep.
To drown within the ocean’s fatal grasp.
LORD LOVEL
Come, come, dispatch, ’tis bootless to exclaim.
Come on, let’s go, you’re wasting time by shouting.
LORD HASTINGS
O bloody Richard! Miserable England!
Oh, bloody Richard! Miserable England!
I prophesy the fearfull’st time to thee
I can predict that terrifying days
That ever wretched age hath looked upon.
Are coming, worse than ever seen before.
Come, lead me to the block; bear him my head.
Come, take me to the block; give him my head.
They smile at me who shortly shall be dead.
Those smiling at me now will soon be dead.
[EXEUNT.]